With the gradual depletion of high-grade ores and the continuously growing industrial demandfor metals，the efficient flotation recovery of fine-grained minerals has become increasingly critical. Fine-grainedminerals are characterized by small particle size，large specific surface area，and high surface energy. The low kineticenergy of fine particles in flotation pulp prevents them from overcoming the energy barrier between minerals andair bubbles，resulting in poor particle-bubble adhesion and low flotation recovery. Meanwhile，the large specificsurface area and high surface energy lead to increased reagent consumption and often promote aggregation，coating，and entrainment between target and gangue minerals. These intense interparticle interactions severely compromiseflotation selectivity，making separation inefficient and challenging. Effectively recovering valuable minerals fromfine-grained resources has thus emerged as a core problem and key research focus in mineral processing. Thisreview comprehensively examines interparticle interactions in flotation systems from four perspectives：fundamentaltheories，research techniques，dominant forces in aggregation/dispersion，and froth entrainment. Employing theclassical and extended DLVO theories as the core theoretical framework，we integrate multiple characterizationmethods to elucidate the intrinsic driving forces behind particle aggregation and dispersion behavior，including atomicforce microscopy with colloidal probe force measurements，Zeta potential analysis，contact angle determination，particle size distribution analysis，and optical microscopy. This approach combines quantitative and qualitativeinsights from both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions，aiming to reveal the selective regulation principles ofinterparticle interactions in flotation systems. This work provides an effective theoretical foundation and practicalstrategies for the efficient separation and recovery of fine-grained mineral resources.