Abstract:With the depletion of high-quality ore resources，the effective recycling of fine-grained minerals has become increasingly important in modern mineral processing. Fine particles exhibit unique characteristics such as large specific surface area，strong surface potential，low particle mass，and strong tendency to agglomerate. The core mechanisms of fine particle flotation including mineral-bubble collision，attachment，and reagent adsorption. Although the research on flotation reagents has progressed，studies on the development of reagent combinations and their interaction mechanisms are still insufficient. As an effective tool for enhancing flotation efficiency，micro-nano bubbles can significantly improve interactions between bubbles and mineral particles. Future research should focus on exploring reagent combinations for fine particle flotation and their impact on flotation efficiency，as well as exploring the charge distribution and interactions between bubbles and mineral particles to reduce electrostatic repulsion and enhance attachment capacity. Increasing the apparent particle size of fine minerals and reducing the size of flotation bubbles are two key approaches in fine particle flotation technology. Methods for increasing the apparent particle size include reagent control and optimization of slurry conditions，while reducing bubble size mainly relies on micro-nano bubble technology. Although surface modification of particles is a new type of fine particle flotation technology，it still needs further exploration. Future development should emphasize the synergistic application of multiple technologies and the resolution of related technical barriers to improve the separation efficiency of fine-grained minerals.